GOSPEL READING
THE GOSPEL OF MATTHEW
Gaining Eternal Life: Mt 19,16-29
We saw in the overview that the phrase about gaining or inheriting eternal life in verse 16 is repeated in verse 29. This makes this second half of the chapter a unity; note how the answer of Peter in verse 27 is introduced. The final verse, 19,30, is then a transition to the parable in the following chapter.
We can also see how this section is divided into two: there Jesus has an encounter which leads into a discussion with his disciples.
The Rich Young Man: 19,16-22
This encounter occurs in all three Synoptic Gospels (Mk 10,17-22; Lk 18,18-23). The encounter is often called the story of the rich young man though he is described as such only in here in Matthew. Look at our passage in Matthew and find out where he is called young and where he is called rich, but notice where that is stated.
"One" therefore comes to Jesus in verse 16. What is significant about the way Jesus is addressed? How has Matthew altered the question compared to Mark, Mk 10,17 (as well as Luke, Lk 18,18)?
See how Jesus' reply in verse 17 reflects Deuteronomy 6,4 and Ps 100,4-5.
Note how Matthew has modified Mark, Mk 10,18.
Jesus' quotations in response to the man's query in verses 18 & 19 may be familiar: Ex 20,12-16 or Dt 5,16-20. To this Matthew adds Lev 19,18, see 22,34-40.
Notice how Matthew in 19,20-21 has completely changed Mark, Mk 10,20-21.
"Perfect" recalls 5,48. Consider a parallel with 9,9, especially with what the young man's attitude in verse 22 (see 6,24).
Reflect on how Matthew's editing of Mark has given a different focus to this encounter.
Now look at my response.
Riches and the Kingdom: 19,23-29
Jesus continues and speaks to his disciples in verse 23. Translations tend to leave out the connecting word.
Consider how Matthew in verse 23-25 has edited Mark, Mk 10,23-26.
For the OT background to Jesus' comments, look at Dt 28,1-6 and then look at a contrary view in Sirach 31,1-10. See also Psalm 49.
What point is Jesus making in verses 24-25? Why are the disciples astonished? How does Jesus respond in verse 26 (see also Ezekiel 28,1-10). For an example, see Genesis 8,14.
In verse 27, it is once again Peter who is spokesperson for the disciples following up what Jesus has said. Peter's prominence in this part of the Gospel we have noted. What might he be seeking? Recall Jesus' call to Peter, 4,20, and how Peter responded.
Note that verse 28 is an addition by Matthew (see Mk 10,29) so this provides his climax. Look at various translations because there is a word here which is not easily translated. See Daniel 7,13-14. Note how this verse anticipates 25,31-46.
Note as well how Matthew in verse 29 has altered Mark's version of the promise, Mk 10,30.
Look now at my response.
The parable of the workers in the vineyard which begins chapter 20 follows on from this teaching of Jesus.
We continue to our overview of the chapter before reading the parable.